England lead West Indies by only 107 runs at 39-5 after 18 wickets fell on a dramatic second day of the final Test.
Resuming on 240-7, England added 17 with their remaining three wickets as fast bowler Jerome Taylor produced a spell of 3-3 to dismiss them for 257.
Anderson took 3-2 in five overs and finished with 6-42, his best overseas figures, as West Indies were 189 all out, despite Jermaine Blackwood's 85.
But batting again, England collapsed to leave the match tantalisingly poised.
The figure of 18 wickets at the Kensington Oval in Barbados is a new record for the most in a day in the West Indies.
Resuming on 240-7, England added 17 with their remaining three wickets as fast bowler Jerome Taylor produced a spell of 3-3 to dismiss them for 257.
Anderson took 3-2 in five overs and finished with 6-42, his best overseas figures, as West Indies were 189 all out, despite Jermaine Blackwood's 85.
But batting again, England collapsed to leave the match tantalisingly poised.
The figure of 18 wickets at the Kensington Oval in Barbados is a new record for the most in a day in the West Indies.